Peer-reviewed· Strategy
The Productivity Paradox, Revisited
A 14-year panel of 2,300 European firms shows the returns to digital investment arrive only after management practices change.
Dr. Elena MarshUniversity of Rotterdam18 min readDOI 10.5555/bpj.2026.144
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For more than a decade, executives have been told that the next platform, the next suite of tools, or the next wave of automation would finally lift productivity. The evidence assembled here suggests a more uncomfortable reading: the technology rarely fails on its own terms. What fails is the organisational scaffolding around it.
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